Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (CNRS gold medallist in 1980, Nobel prize in physics in 1991) has introduced new trends in the laboratory. Initially centred on surface and interface effects in superconductors, …
AAndré Guinier and his followers have introduced, using original techniques involving small-angle X-ray scattering and large-angle X-ray diffuse scattering, methods for a fine analysis of organisation and local order in …
Raimond Castaing (CNRS gold medallist in 1975), inventor of the electron microprobe utilising X-ray secondary emission from a PhD subject given by André Guinier, and his followers, have developed new …
Jacques Friedel (CNRS gold medallist in 1970) and his followers have been pioneers in studying electronic structures in metals and alloys, then in spin glasses and surfaces. These early works …